Toward dynamic pain expressions in avatars: Perceived realism and pain level of different action unit orders

作者：

Highlights：

• Fine facial movements can affect the perception of virtual facial expressions.

• Perceived realism and pain level change according to the order of pain AUs.

• Avatars' gender affects the perceived realism and pain level of the order of AUs.

• A specific combination of AU yields the highest ratings on realism and pain level.

• AUs order should be considered in the creation of virtual humanoid.

摘要

•Fine facial movements can affect the perception of virtual facial expressions.•Perceived realism and pain level change according to the order of pain AUs.•Avatars' gender affects the perceived realism and pain level of the order of AUs.•A specific combination of AU yields the highest ratings on realism and pain level.•AUs order should be considered in the creation of virtual humanoid.

论文关键词：Dynamic facial expressions,Pain of others,Virtual agents,Action units,Perception,Behavioral realism

论文评审过程：Received 28 September 2018, Revised 30 January 2019, Accepted 2 February 2019, Available online 7 February 2019, Version of Record 25 February 2019.

论文官网地址：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.02.001