Expertise of ICAI: Development requirements

摘要

The purpose of this paper is to (a) examine the functional characteristics of intelligent computer-assisted instruction (ICAI), (b) propose a structural model that defines expertise requirements for the development of an ICAI system and suggests procedures for integrating the required expertise into a system, and (c) discuss the requirements of a multidisciplinary cooperative effort for its development. After examining four functional components of ICAI systems (expertise module, student-model module, tutorial module, and interface module) and their interrelationships in a typical ICAI model, six intelligent characteristics of ICAI systems are discussed. They are: (a) the generation of instructional presentations, (b) a mixed initiative between the system and student, (c) the ability to model the student's learning process, (d) a qualitative decision making function in instructional process, (e) an inferencing function in instructional diagnostic and prescriptive process, and (f) a self-improving function. In the proposed expertise requirement model, we discuss three different kinds of expertise (domain expertise, domain engineering expertise, and instructional expertise) and technical issues required to integrate the different kinds of expertise into a system. Finally, a multidisciplinary cooperative effort for the development of an ICAI system is recommended in a schematic form.