Action-Based Causal Reasoning

摘要

In this paper we present a causal theory based on aninterventionist conception of causality, i.e., a preference toselect causes among a set of actions which an agent has the abilityto perform or not to perform (free will). The most interestingproposals encountered in the literature, in nonmonotonic reasoning,all revolve around the ordered notion of similarity, abnormality,preference etc... but do not provide a full-fledgedsolution to the problem of the concrete definition of this order. Inour approach we relate the notion of action to norms (what isnormally the case when an action is undertaken, what is normally theoutcome of that action) and considering reasonable assumptions, weshow the existence and uniqueness of the set of voluntary causes foran observed effect (explanation problem). Moreover, the approach advocated in this paper handles ramifications correctly.