Control of error in the homotopy analysis of nonlinear Klein–Gordon initial value problems

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In the present paper, we discuss the application of homotopy analysis to general nonlinear Klein–Gordon type equations. We first outline the method for general forms of the nonlinearity, as well as for general functional forms of the initial conditions. In particular, we discuss a method of controlling the residual error in approximate solutions which may be found via homotopy analysis, through adequate selection of the convergence control parameter. With the general problem outlined, we apply the method to various equations, including the quasilinear cubic Klein–Gordon equation, the modified Liouville equation, the sinh-Gordon equation, and the tanh-Gordon equation. For each of these equations and related initial data, we obtain residual error minimizing solutions which demonstrate the qualitative behavior of the true solutions in each case.

论文关键词:Quasilinear Klein–Gordon equation,sinh-Gordon equation,tanh-Gordon equation,Homotopy analysis method,Control of error

论文评审过程:Available online 15 February 2013.

论文官网地址:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2012.12.049