Viewing anti-immigrant hate online: An application of routine activity and Social Structure-Social Learning Theory

Highlights：

• Online habits partially pattern exposure to anti-immigrant online hate.

• Identifying closely with an American identity correlates with encountering anti-immigrant online hate.

• Dissatisfaction with America correlates with encountering anti-immigrant online hate.

• Facebook users are especially likely to encounter anti-immigrant online hate.

• Antagonistic online behavior increases the likelihood of encountering anti-immigrant online hate.