OpenAI

OpenAI

Organization profile and published models

openai.com

About this organization

机构概况

OpenAI 是全球最具影响力的人工智能研究与产品公司,总部位于美国旧金山,使命是确保通用人工智能(AGI)造福全人类。其代表产品涵盖对话助手 ChatGPT、GPT 系列大语言模型、文生图模型 DALL·E / GPT-Image、视频生成模型 Sora、编程模型 Codex 以及语音识别模型 Whisper,几乎定义了当代生成式 AI 的产品形态。

创立与发展

  • 2015 年 12 月,由 Sam Altman、Elon Musk 等人联合创立,最初为非营利研究机构,启动阶段获得高达 10 亿美元的资金承诺。
  • 2019 年转为"利润上限(capped-profit)"结构,并与微软建立深度合作:微软提供 Azure 算力支持,并获得 GPT 等模型的商业化授权。
  • 2022 年 11 月发布 ChatGPT,上线 5 天用户即突破百万,引爆了全球生成式 AI 浪潮。

旗舰模型

截至 2026 年年中,OpenAI 的旗舰大模型已迭代至 GPT-5.5 系列(包含 GPT-5.5、GPT-5.5 Pro、GPT-5.5 Instant 等版本),并形成完整的模型矩阵:

  • 编程:GPT-5.5 Codex 等 Codex 系列
  • 多模态 / 视觉:GPT-Image-2、Sora 2 视频生成
  • 开源:GPT-OSS 20B / 120B 推理模型

最新进展(2026 年)

  • 完成公司史上最大规模融资,估值约 8520 亿美元
  • ChatGPT 周活跃用户超过 9 亿,付费订阅用户超 5000 万,月度收入约 26 亿美元。
  • CEO Sam Altman 表示公司计划在一年内启动 IPO

领导者:Sam Altman(CEO) 官网:openai.com

注:本节融资、估值与用户数据为 2026 年年中公开信息,可能随时间变化。

Product line release timeline

Generational evolution by product line · dot = one model release · dashed line connects successive generations · hover for details

Models
42
Time span
364days
Avg. gap
8.9days

Published models

79 models across 8 categories

Models published by OpenAI, grouped by category.

GPT-5.5

Reasoning models2Other models1
First
2026-04-01
Latest
2026-04-23
Span
23 days
Models
3

GPT Image 2

Multimodal models1
First
2026-04-21
Latest
2026-04-21
Span
1 days
Models
1

GPT-5.4

Multimodal models3Reasoning models1
First
2026-03-05
Latest
2026-03-17
Span
13 days
Models
4

GPT-5.3

Other models1Foundation models1Coding models2
First
2026-02-05
Latest
2026-03-01
Span
25 days
Models
4

GPT-5.2

Other models1Coding models1Reasoning models1Chat models2
First
2025-12-11
Latest
2026-02-10
Span
62 days
Models
5

GPT Realtime

Multimodal models2
First
2025-08-28
Latest
2025-12-15
Span
110 days
Models
2

GPT-5

Coding models2Reasoning models2Foundation models2
First
2025-08-07
Latest
2025-11-07
Span
93 days
Models
6

GPT Image 1

Multimodal models1Vision models2
First
2025-04-24
Latest
2025-10-08
Span
168 days
Models
3

Sora 2

Multimodal models1
First
2025-09-30
Latest
2025-09-30
Span
1 days
Models
1

GPT OSS 20B

Reasoning models1
First
2025-08-06
Latest
2025-08-06
Span
1 days
Models
1

GPT OSS 120B

Reasoning models1
First
2025-08-06
Latest
2025-08-06
Span
1 days
Models
1

ChatGPT

Reasoning models1Foundation models1
First
2022-11-30
Latest
2025-07-17
Span
961 days
Models
2

o4

Reasoning models1
First
2025-04-16
Latest
2025-04-16
Span
1 days
Models
1

GPT-4.1

Chat models3
First
2025-04-14
Latest
2025-04-14
Span
1 days
Models
3

GPT-4.5

Chat models1
First
2025-02-28
Latest
2025-02-28
Span
1 days
Models
1

o1

Reasoning models2
First
2024-09-12
Latest
2024-12-05
Span
85 days
Models
2

GPT-4

Multimodal models1Foundation models1
First
2023-03-14
Latest
2023-09-25
Span
196 days
Models
2

DALL·E

Multimodal models2Foundation models1
First
2021-02-24
Latest
2023-09-21
Span
940 days
Models
3

Shap-E

Foundation models1
First
2023-05-03
Latest
2023-05-03
Span
1 days
Models
1

Point-E

Foundation models1
First
2022-12-16
Latest
2022-12-16
Span
1 days
Models
1

Whisper

Foundation models2
First
2022-09-21
Latest
2022-12-09
Span
80 days
Models
2

GPT-3.5

Chat models1
First
2022-11-30
Latest
2022-11-30
Span
1 days
Models
1

InstructGPT

Foundation models1
First
2022-03-04
Latest
2022-03-04
Span
1 days
Models
1

Codex

Coding models1
First
2021-08-10
Latest
2021-08-10
Span
1 days
Models
1

CLIP

Foundation models1
First
2021-01-05
Latest
2021-01-05
Span
1 days
Models
1

GPT-3

Foundation models1
First
2020-05-28
Latest
2020-05-28
Span
1 days
Models
1

GPT-2

Foundation models1
First
2019-02-14
Latest
2019-02-14
Span
1 days
Models
1

GPT-1

Foundation models1
First
2018-06-11
Latest
2018-06-11
Span
1 days
Models
1