OpenAI

84 models tracked · latest release 2026-07-08

Product line release timeline

Generational evolution by product line · dot = one model release · dashed line connects successive generations · click a dot to open the model page

Models

45

Time span

356days

Avg. gap

8.1days

Published models

84 models

Models published by OpenAI, grouped into 32 series.

ChatGPT

Speech models2Reasoning models1Foundation models1

First: 2022-11-30
Latest: 2026-07-08
Span: 1317 days
Models: 4

Speech models

GPT-Live-1 miniUnknown

GPT-Live-1Unknown

Reasoning models

ChatGPT Agent ModelUnknown

Foundation models

175B·2022-11-30

GPT-5.6

Reasoning models3

First: 2026-06-26
Latest: 2026-06-26
Span: 1 days
Models: 3

GPT-5.6 LunaUnknown

GPT-5.6 TerraUnknown

GPT-5.6 SolUnknown

GPT-5.5

Reasoning models2Other models1

First: 2026-04-01
Latest: 2026-04-23
Span: 23 days
Models: 3

Reasoning models

GPT-5.5 ProUnknown

Other models

GPT-5.5 InstantUnknown

GPT Image 2

Multimodal models1

First: 2026-04-21
Latest: 2026-04-21
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

GPT-image-2Unknown

GPT-5.4

Multimodal models3Reasoning models1

First: 2026-03-05
Latest: 2026-03-17
Span: 13 days
Models: 4

Multimodal models

GPT-5.4 nanoUnknown

GPT-5.4 ProUnknown

Reasoning models

GPT-5.4 miniUnknown

GPT-5.3

Other models1Foundation models1Coding models2

First: 2026-02-05
Latest: 2026-03-01
Span: 25 days
Models: 4

Other models

GPT-5.3 ChatUnknown

Foundation models

Coding models

GPT-5.3-Codex-SparkUnknown

GPT-5.3 CodexUnknown

GPT-5.2

Other models1Coding models1Chat models2Reasoning models1

First: 2025-12-11
Latest: 2026-02-10
Span: 62 days
Models: 5

Other models

GPT-5.2 Chat (0210)Unknown

Coding models

GPT-5.2-CodexUnknown

Chat models

GPT-5.2 InstantUnknown

Reasoning models

GPT-5.2 ProUnknown

GPT-4o

Speech models5Chat models3Foundation models1Multimodal models1

First: 2024-05-13
Latest: 2025-12-15
Span: 582 days
Models: 10

Speech models

GPT-4o Mini Transcribe - 2025-12-15Unknown

GPT-4o Mini TTS - 2025-12-15Unknown

gpt-4o-mini-TTSUnknown

gpt-4o-transcribeUnknown

gpt-4o-mini-transcribeUnknown

Chat models

GPT-4o(2025-03-27)Unknown

GPT-4o(2025-01-29)Unknown

GPT-4o(2024-11-20)Unknown

Foundation models

GPT-4o miniUnknown

Multimodal models

GPT Realtime

Multimodal models2

First: 2025-08-28
Latest: 2025-12-15
Span: 110 days
Models: 2

GPT Realtime Mini - 2025-12-15Unknown

GPT RealtimeUnknown

GPT-5.1

Reasoning models3Coding models3

First: 2025-11-12
Latest: 2025-11-20
Span: 9 days
Models: 6

Reasoning models

GPT-5.1 ProUnknown

GPT-5.1 InstantUnknown

Coding models

GPT-5.1-Codex-MaxUnknown

GPT-5.1 Codex MiniUnknown

GPT-5.1 CodexUnknown

GPT-5

Coding models2Foundation models2Reasoning models2

First: 2025-08-07
Latest: 2025-11-07
Span: 93 days
Models: 6

Coding models

GPT-5-Codex-MiniUnknown

GPT-5 CodexUnknown

Foundation models

GPT-5-miniUnknown

Reasoning models

GPT-5-NanoUnknown

GPT-5-ProUnknown

GPT Image 1

Multimodal models1Vision models2

First: 2025-04-24
Latest: 2025-10-08
Span: 168 days
Models: 3

Multimodal models

GPT Image 1-miniUnknown

Vision models

GPT-Image-1-miniUnknown

GPT Image 1Unknown

Sora 2

Multimodal models1

First: 2025-09-30
Latest: 2025-09-30
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

GPT OSS 120B

Reasoning models1

First: 2025-08-06
Latest: 2025-08-06
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

GPT OSS 120BOpen source

11.7B·2025-08-06

GPT OSS 20B

Reasoning models1

First: 2025-08-06
Latest: 2025-08-06
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

GPT OSS 20BOpen source

21B·2025-08-06

o3

Reasoning models7

First: 2025-01-31
Latest: 2025-07-20
Span: 171 days
Models: 7

o3 AlphaUnknown

OpenAI o3Unknown

OpenAI o3-miniUnknown

OpenAI o3-mini (high)Unknown

OpenAI o3-mini (medium)Unknown

OpenAI o3-mini (low)Unknown

o4

Reasoning models1

First: 2025-04-16
Latest: 2025-04-16
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

OpenAI o4 - miniUnknown

GPT-4.1

Chat models3

First: 2025-04-14
Latest: 2025-04-14
Span: 1 days
Models: 3

GPT-4.1 miniUnknown

GPT-4.1 nanoUnknown

GPT-4.5

Chat models1

First: 2025-02-28
Latest: 2025-02-28
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

o1

Reasoning models2

First: 2024-09-12
Latest: 2024-12-05
Span: 85 days
Models: 2

OpenAI o1Unknown

OpenAI o1-miniUnknown

GPT-4

Multimodal models1Foundation models1

First: 2023-03-14
Latest: 2023-09-25
Span: 196 days
Models: 2

Multimodal models

Foundation models

175B·2023-03-14

DALL·E

Multimodal models2Foundation models1

First: 2021-02-24
Latest: 2023-09-21
Span: 940 days
Models: 3

Multimodal models

DALL·E3Unknown

12B·2021-02-24

Foundation models

DALL·E2Unknown

3.5B·2022-04-13

Shap-E

Foundation models1

First: 2023-05-03
Latest: 2023-05-03
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

Point-E

Foundation models1

First: 2022-12-16
Latest: 2022-12-16
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

Whisper

Foundation models2

First: 2022-09-21
Latest: 2022-12-09
Span: 80 days
Models: 2

Whisper V2Unknown

1.6B·2022-12-09

1.6B·2022-09-21

GPT-3.5

Chat models1

First: 2022-11-30
Latest: 2022-11-30
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

175B·2022-11-30

InstructGPT

Foundation models1

First: 2022-03-04
Latest: 2022-03-04
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

Instruct GPTUnknown

175B·2022-03-04

Codex

Coding models1

First: 2021-08-10
Latest: 2021-08-10
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

175B·2021-08-10

CLIP

Foundation models1

First: 2021-01-05
Latest: 2021-01-05
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

GPT-3

Foundation models1

First: 2020-05-28
Latest: 2020-05-28
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

175B·2020-05-28

GPT-2

Foundation models1

First: 2019-02-14
Latest: 2019-02-14
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

GPT-2Open source

1.5B·2019-02-14

GPT-1

Foundation models1

First: 2018-06-11
Latest: 2018-06-11
Span: 1 days
Models: 1

GPT-1Open source

0.1B·2018-06-11

About this organization

Organization Overview

OpenAI is the world's most influential artificial intelligence research and product company, headquartered in San Francisco, USA. Its mission is to ensure that general artificial intelligence (AGI) benefits all of humanity. Its representative products include the conversation assistant ChatGPT, the GPT series large language model, the image-generation models DALL·E and GPT-Image, the video generation model Sora, the programming model Codex and the speech recognition model Whisper, which have almost defined the product form of contemporary generative AI.

Creation and Development

December 2015, co-founded by Sam Altman, Elon Musk and others, initially as a non-profit research organization, receiving up to $1 billion in funding commitments during the startup phase.
2019 Switched to a "capped-profit" structure and established in-depth cooperation with Microsoft: Microsoft provided Azure computing power support and obtained commercial authorization for models such as GPT.
ChatGPT was released in November 2022, and the number of users exceeded one million within 5 days of going online, setting off a global wave of generative AI.

Flagship model

As of mid-2026, OpenAI's flagship large model has been iterated to the GPT-5.5 series (including GPT-5.5, GPT-5.5 Pro, GPT-5.5 Instant, etc.), and has formed a complete model matrix:

Programming: GPT-5.5 Codex and other Codex series
Multimodal/Visual: GPT-Image-2, Sora 2 video generation
Open Source: GPT-OSS 20B/120B inference model

Latest Development (2026)

Completed the largest financing in company history, with a valuation of approximately US$852 billion.
ChatGPT has more than **900 million weekly active users, more than 50 million paid subscribers, and monthly revenue of approximately US$2.6 billion.
CEO Sam Altman says the company plans to launch an IPO within a year.

Leader: Sam Altman (CEO) Official website: openai.com

Note: The financing, valuation and user data in this section are public information as of mid-2026 and may change over time.